Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Intracellular biomass flocculation as a key mechanism of rapid bacterial killing by cationic, amphipathic antimicrobial peptides and peptoids

doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16180-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Calcein leakage after 5 minutes from ( A ) anionic, bacteria-mimetic POPE/POPG (7:3) LUVs and ( B ) zwitterionic, erythrocyte-mimetic POPC/cholesterol (2:1) LUVs. ( C ) Depolarization of E. coli ATCC 35218 after 5-min. treatment, as monitored by diSC3-5 fluorescence. The data are representative of 3 independent experiments.

Article Snippet: The top portion of Table lists the two peptides (pexiganan, an analog of magainin, and bee venom-derived melittin, whose membrane-disruptive activities are well-documented , ) and the peptoids used for these studies, along with their sequences (see Fig. for a guide to peptoid monomers), antibacterial activities against E. coli ATCC 35218, and hemolytic activities.

Techniques: Bacteria, Fluorescence

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Intracellular biomass flocculation as a key mechanism of rapid bacterial killing by cationic, amphipathic antimicrobial peptides and peptoids

doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16180-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro activities of peptoids and peptides.

Article Snippet: The top portion of Table lists the two peptides (pexiganan, an analog of magainin, and bee venom-derived melittin, whose membrane-disruptive activities are well-documented , ) and the peptoids used for these studies, along with their sequences (see Fig. for a guide to peptoid monomers), antibacterial activities against E. coli ATCC 35218, and hemolytic activities.

Techniques: In Vitro, Sequencing

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Intracellular biomass flocculation as a key mechanism of rapid bacterial killing by cationic, amphipathic antimicrobial peptides and peptoids

doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16180-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Scanning electron micrographs of E. coli either ( A ) without treatment, or treated for one hour with 10 μM ( B ) peptoid 1 ( C ) 1-Pro 6 , ( D ) 1 17mer , ( E ) peptoid 2, ( F ) 1 17mer alone (no bacteria), ( G ) pexiganan, or ( H ) melittin. Magnification = 50,000X.

Article Snippet: The top portion of Table lists the two peptides (pexiganan, an analog of magainin, and bee venom-derived melittin, whose membrane-disruptive activities are well-documented , ) and the peptoids used for these studies, along with their sequences (see Fig. for a guide to peptoid monomers), antibacterial activities against E. coli ATCC 35218, and hemolytic activities.

Techniques: Bacteria

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Intracellular biomass flocculation as a key mechanism of rapid bacterial killing by cationic, amphipathic antimicrobial peptides and peptoids

doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16180-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of transmission electron micrographs of transverse thin sections of representative E. coli treated for 1 hour with enough peptide or peptoid to kill some, but not all of the bacteria in the sample. ( A ) No treatment, ( B ) 10 µM pexiganan, ( C ) 100 µM melittin, ( D ) 10 µM fowlicidin-1, ( E ) 10 µM LL-37, ( F ) 10 µM peptoid 1, ( G ) 100 µM 1- N Lys 5,11 , ( H ) 100 µM 1-Pro 6 , ( I ) 10 µM 1 17mer . Images of bacteria treated with 2, 1 achiral , and 1- N sna 6,12 , are shown in Supp. Fig. . Scale bar represents 100 nm.

Article Snippet: The top portion of Table lists the two peptides (pexiganan, an analog of magainin, and bee venom-derived melittin, whose membrane-disruptive activities are well-documented , ) and the peptoids used for these studies, along with their sequences (see Fig. for a guide to peptoid monomers), antibacterial activities against E. coli ATCC 35218, and hemolytic activities.

Techniques: Comparison, Transmission Assay, Bacteria

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Intracellular biomass flocculation as a key mechanism of rapid bacterial killing by cationic, amphipathic antimicrobial peptides and peptoids

doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16180-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Transmission electron micrographs demonstrating the co-incidence of altered and control-like morphologies in partially killed samples treated with ( A ) 10 µM LL-37 and ( B ) 10 µM peptoid 1. Soft x-ray tomography of E. coli . ( C ) Control (untreated) and ( D ) treated with 10 µM peptoid 1. Scale bar (TEM) represents 100 nm.

Article Snippet: The top portion of Table lists the two peptides (pexiganan, an analog of magainin, and bee venom-derived melittin, whose membrane-disruptive activities are well-documented , ) and the peptoids used for these studies, along with their sequences (see Fig. for a guide to peptoid monomers), antibacterial activities against E. coli ATCC 35218, and hemolytic activities.

Techniques: Transmission Assay, Control, Tomography

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Intracellular biomass flocculation as a key mechanism of rapid bacterial killing by cationic, amphipathic antimicrobial peptides and peptoids

doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16180-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Transmission electron micrographs of E. coli treated with 100 µM peptoid 1 for ( A ) 5 minutes, ( B ) 15 minutes, ( C ) 30 minutes, and ( D ) 1 hour. 1 × 10 4 CFU/mL bacteria remained (0.01% of bacteria in the control) after 5-min treatment; all bacteria were killed after 15-min, 30-min, and 60-min treatments. Scale bar represents 100 nm.

Article Snippet: The top portion of Table lists the two peptides (pexiganan, an analog of magainin, and bee venom-derived melittin, whose membrane-disruptive activities are well-documented , ) and the peptoids used for these studies, along with their sequences (see Fig. for a guide to peptoid monomers), antibacterial activities against E. coli ATCC 35218, and hemolytic activities.

Techniques: Transmission Assay, Bacteria, Control

Journal: Materials

Article Title: Cationic Substitutions in Hydroxyapatite: Current Status of the Derived Biofunctional Effects and Their In Vitro Interrogation Methods

doi: 10.3390/ma11112081

Figure Lengend Snippet: Synopsis of the bio-functionality realm of cation-substituted hydroxyapatites.

Article Snippet: Ce (3+) , Powder Coating , 4–20 , ○ Induces the in vitro formation of bone-like apatite in SBF; ○ In vitro cytocompatibility with L929 (for Ce-HA dose <100 μg mL −1 ) and MC3T3-E1 cell lines; ○ Cytotoxicity on pulmonary adenocarcinoma (A549) cells in Ce0.1HA, but improvement of cell viability in conjunction with strontium [ ]; ○ Antibacterial effect against S. aureus (ATCC 6538), Lactobacillus (ATCC 393), E. coli (8099), and P. aeruginosa ; enhanced zone inhibition is achieved for Gram-negative E. coli with respect to Gram-positive S. aureus . , [ , , , , , ] .

Techniques: In Vitro, Isolation, In Vivo, Animal Model, Adsorption, Concentration Assay, Modification, Dissolution, Activity Assay, Staining, Bacteria, Control, Transformation Assay

Journal: Nanomaterials

Article Title: Antimicrobial Polymers in the Nano-World

doi: 10.3390/nano7020048

Figure Lengend Snippet: Charts showing antibacterial activity of samples eluted from bone cement with different preparations (antibiotic preparations added to bone cement: powder vancomycin, the inert filler xylitol/powder vancomycin, liquid vancomycin), as determined by the agar-disk diffusion bioassay. Bone cement without antibiotics served as control. The data are presented in terms of growing inhibition of methicillin-resistant S. aureus bacteria. The growth was visually compared with standard samples containing different concentrations of vancomycin. Reproduced from reference . Copyright the British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery, 2014.

Article Snippet: The resulting emulsions displayed potent antibacterial behaviour in vitro against S. aureus (ATCC 25923) and MRSA (ATCC 43300) without showing toxicity towards human dermal fibroblasts.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Diffusion-based Assay, Bioassay, Control, Inhibition, Bacteria

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Advanced Hydrogels Combined with Silver and Gold Nanoparticles against Antimicrobial Resistance

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12010104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Examples of metallic NPs used against resistant bacteria and their mechanism of bactericidal action.

Article Snippet: The hydrogel displayed antibacterial properties against E. coli ATCC 8739, S. aureus ATCC 14458, and P. aeruginosa CMCCB10104, and the inhibition zones were 24, 24, and 27 mm, respectively.

Techniques: Bacteria, Membrane, Virus, Binding Assay

Journal: Antibiotics

Article Title: Advanced Hydrogels Combined with Silver and Gold Nanoparticles against Antimicrobial Resistance

doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12010104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ag NPs loaded into hydrogel for antibacterial application.

Article Snippet: The hydrogel displayed antibacterial properties against E. coli ATCC 8739, S. aureus ATCC 14458, and P. aeruginosa CMCCB10104, and the inhibition zones were 24, 24, and 27 mm, respectively.

Techniques: Bacteria, Inhibition, In Situ, In Vitro, In Vivo, Activity Assay, Concentration Assay, Diffusion-based Assay

Journal: The Angle Orthodontist

Article Title: A novel antimicrobial orthodontic band cement with in situ–generated silver nanoparticles

doi: 10.2319/022314-127.1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Percent Streptococcus mutans inhibition for up to 28 days. The higher the AgBz concentration, the greater the antimicrobial effect. The 0.5 and 1 wt% AgBz samples had over 90% inhibition of S mutans.

Article Snippet: The best-performing groups from the mechanical and Ag + ion release tests (0.5% BPO/0.5% P-TIDE groups at each AgBz concentration) were tested for in vitro antibacterial activity against S mutans (ATCC 25175, American Type Culture Collection [ATCC], Rockville, Md) and L acidophilus (ATCC 4356) by counting colony-forming units (CFUs) for up to 28 days.

Techniques: Inhibition, Concentration Assay

Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Periodontitis and Systemic Disorder—An Overview of Relation and Novel Treatment Modalities

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081175

Figure Lengend Snippet: A summary of periodontal formulations and their applications.

Article Snippet: Hydrogel , Polyacrylic acid (PAA) hydrogel containing metronidazole , Therapeutic dressing , Gamma-ray irradiation targeted metronidazole-loaded PAA hydrogel , The in-vitro cytocompatibility test was performed according to ISO 10993-5 and the formulation exhibited no cytotoxicity. The antibacterial activity against E. coli (ATCC 43895), S. aureus (ATCC 14458), and S. mutans (ATCC 25175) yielded satisfactory results. In release studies, metronidazole from the PAA hydrogel was consistently released and reached approximately 80% at 120 min. , [ ] .

Techniques: Activity Assay, Inhibition, Tomography, Encapsulation, Formulation, Disruption, Membrane, Produced, Infection, Derivative Assay, Expressing, Irradiation, Injection, Clarification Assay, Bacteria, Control, Polymerase Chain Reaction, In Vitro Hemolysis Assay, Transfection, MTS Assay